How do Dentists Detect Cavities?

Cavities are detected a number of ways. The most common are clinical (hands-on) and radiographic (x-ray) examinations. During a clinical exam, the dentist uses a hand held instrument called an explorer to probe the tooth surface for cavities. If the explorer "catches," that means the instrument has found a weak, acid damaged part of the tooth, a dental cavity. Dentists can also use a visual examination to detect cavities. Teeth that are discolored, usually brown or black, can sometimes indicate a dental cavity. Dental x-rays, especially check-up or bitewing x-rays, are very useful in finding cavities that are wedged between teeth, or under the gum-line. These "hidden" cavities are difficult or impossible to detect visually or with the explorer. In some cases, none of these methods are adequate, and a dentist must use a special disclosing solution to diagnose a suspicious area on a tooth.